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ADHD and Anxiety Medication Anxiety disorders can be co-occurring with ADHD. Anxiety can trigger restlessness, irritability, and difficulty sleeping. Stimulant medication can help ease these symptoms However, they can result in side effects like the development of tics and minor reduction in growth in adolescents and children. In addition, some individuals experience anxiety-related issues when taking stimulant medications. Stimulants The use of stimulants is to treat ADHD and narcolepsy. They are also popular among recreational drug users as stimulants and performance-enhancing substances because of their ability to increase energy, alertness and focus. most effective adhd medication for adults I Am Psychiatry are available in tablets, capsules, chunky clear crystals or a white or brown powder. Massive doses of stimulants may result in over-stimulation, anxiety stomach cramps, panic attacks or paranoia. Long-term use of stimulants may result in addiction and serious adverse effects such as heart problems, high pressure and stroke. These medications are also proven to alleviate anxiety symptoms. They help by boosting brain chemicals like dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. These are lower in ADHD patients. This increases the activity and communication between the various parts of the brain which control attention and executive functions. This results in improved impulse control and anxiety symptoms decreasing. Both atomoxetine (as as well as methylphenidate) reduce anxiety symptoms in adults with ADHD who also suffer from anxiety disorders. Improvement in anxiety symptoms was observed from the fourth week of treatment for both medications and the benefits were continued for 8 weeks of treatment. It is important to note that the kind of medication that will be most effective in treating anxiety and ADHD symptoms that co-occur may depend on which disorder has more impact on the quality of life of a person. For instance, a person might be prone to frequent anxiety-inducing episodes on a regular basis while they rush to schedule appointments or to keep track of their work or school. These are stressful and can cause anxiety more frequently than symptoms of a panic attack or fear. In these cases it is possible to address the anxiety-related symptoms using antidepressants or SSRIs that have been proven effective in reducing anxiety levels in adults. These are taken orally, and may take a while to begin working. The most popular options are selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs) that include Sertraline Serotonin, Fluoxetine and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitions (SNRIs), such as duloxetine, venlafaxine and. These drugs can be utilized together with cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety. They are especially beneficial when a patient is suffering from an elevated or racing heart rate. SSRIs SSRIs which are antidepressants are commonly used to treat anxiety disorders. Prozac is the first drug of this class is fluoxetine. The SSRIs can also aid in treating depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. These medications are more versatile than earlier generations of antidepressants, and they have fewer and fewer severe side effects. The SSRIs hinder the reuptake of serotonin in synapses. This causes the neurotransmitter remain active within the synapse and communicate with the post-synaptic cells more often than it would otherwise. This can increase the production of norepinephrine and reduce anxiety. It can also lead to an increase in the levels of neuronal cyclic AMP (cAMP) which stimulates protein synthesis. They also decrease the amount of impulsivity and hyperactivity. They can also improve sleep quality and reduce anxiety for those with ADHD. However, these drugs may increase the risk of suicidal ideas and behaviors in some individuals. They can also cause an increase in appetite and weight gain, especially when they are first introduced. The SNRIs are a distinct type of antidepressant than SSRIs. SNRIs block the reuptake both of serotonin and norepinephrine. Like SSRIs, they can have an effect on anxiety, but they can also improve the functioning of heart muscle and blood vessels, which may decrease anxiety and stress. People with bipolar disorder also benefit from their use. Duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor XR, Pristiq) and desvenlafaxine are the most popular SNRIs. The SNRIs can increase blood pressure in some people therefore they should not be used by those suffering from high blood pressure or heart disease. There are a variety of behavioral treatments for anxiety and ADHD that can be employed in addition to medication. Mindfulness practices can be helpful in lowering stress and anxiety, as can practicing yoga and meditation. Some people have found tapping specific points of the body, also known as Emotional Freedom Techniques can help reduce the cortisol hormone which is responsible for anxiety. Diet and exercise can also aid in reducing anxiety. Your doctor may suggest that you consume whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, and to avoid sugar, as it can worsen anxiety for some ADHD children and adults. Non-stimulant-based medicines While stimulants are extremely effective in treating ADHD and have been extensively researched however they are not the best choice for those who also suffer from anxiety or ADHD. These medications can trigger side effects like jitteriness, rapid heart rate and nervousness that could mimic or even worsen symptoms of anxiety. Since 2002, non-stimulant drugs have been used for ADHD (under the brand name Strattera). They do not increase heart rate or blood pressure, and they are less likely to suffer anxiety-related side effects such as shaking, sweating, or nervousness. Atomoxetine targets receptors for the brain chemical norepinephrine. It can aid in improving attention and reduce impulsivity and hyperactivity. It has also been found to improve anxiety symptoms among adolescents and children with ADHD. Researchers collected clinical articles from PubMed EMBASE PsycINFO and PsycINFO to determine if atomoxetine decreased anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents with ADHD. Bupropion is a different medication that can alleviate anxiety symptoms. It targets the brain chemical dopamine. Bupropion is usually advised for people who suffer from co-occurring depression and ADHD. It can also boost mood and lessen anxiety symptoms. It is often best to address the anxiety first before treating ADHD. This can usually reduce the anxiety symptoms. In some cases anxiety symptoms in ADHD children are the cause of their anxiety. Psychostimulants and cognitive-behavioral therapy are typically the most effective treatments for anxiety in this situation. This is because these therapies target the root of the issue and help reduce ADHD symptoms which, consequently, decrease the anxiety. Antidepressants are also often prescribed to people with co-existing ADHD and anxiety. SSRI antidepressants that target Serotonin, the chemical in the brain that is thought to alleviate anxiety symptoms and improve mood. Examples include Zoloft Lexapro and Sertraline. Your doctor will ultimately decide what medication is most suitable for you. Before recommending a medication they will consider your lifestyle, symptoms, age, in addition to other health issues. It is essential to discuss with your doctor about your goals for treatment and to adhere to a regular schedule while taking any medication. Other options Other treatment options could be beneficial in managing ADHD or anxiety, based on your health goals. These include mindfulness meditation and yoga (Emotional Freedom techniques) tapping sleep and nutrition, exercise and healthy eating habits. People who are anxious are more likely to develop symptoms of ADHD, Dr. Hallowell says, which makes it difficult to treat both conditions at the same time. He prescribes stimulants to treat ADHD first, and then non-stimulant medications like bupropion or atomoxetine for anxiety disorders. These medications are available 24/7 and are not controlled substances as stimulants are.